Supply Chain Management at WUp Bottlery - 1938 Words

LINCOLN UNIVERSITY EXTENSION in Addis Ababa Course Title: Import-Export Management (BA318) Global Supply Chain Analysis-W’up Bottlery Submitted to: Mike Guerra, Ed.D Prepared by: Group 2 Abiy Hailemariam- 70120 Abaynesh Mekonen-70119 Daniel Assefa-70126 Eskatnaf Lulseged-70129 Menkir Hailu-70130 Yetenayet Befekadu-70147 June 2015 Supply- Chain Management at W’Up Bottlery Background W’UP Bottlery is one of the four bottling company which produces and distributes Coca- Cola and other soft drinks, juice, Soda and Water for several regions within the Uttar Pardesh Market, India. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Private Limited (HCCBPL). The company sales most of its products (70%) through returnable glass†¦show more content†¦4 Literature Review Inventory Management â€Å"Inventory exists at every stage of the supply chain as raw materials, semi-finished or finished goods. They can also be in process between different locations. Holding of inventories can cost a company about 25% to 40% of their value. Lost sales and customer dissatisfaction can occur as the cause of inventory; therefore efficient inventory management is very important in supply chain operation and it helps the firm to maintain competitive advantage (Stock and Lambert, 2001; Axsà ¤ter, 2006). In this area only large scale multi-national companies have set a number of strategies to ensure that costs arising from inventory are minimized. Such strategies include; setting up optimal and minimum of raw and finished products, employment of first in-first out (FIFO) policy, minimum stock reorder for each item and periodic stock evaluation. One of the respondents from the brewing industry reported to incur inventory cost of about 2 to 3 % of their value i.e. from rental, interest foregone, obsolescence/damage/expire, insurance, handling, security and stock valuation. On the other hand, most of the processors payless attention on inventories available at their downstream partners’ (wholesalers and retailers) stores. Processors’ productions are based on produce-to-stock strategy to avoid dissatisfaction of customers if the demand turns

Hispanic National Internship Program Essay - 778 Words

I completed the Hispanic National Internship Program at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), for the Summer 2017 Session. My duties were as follows: Clarify this section: Vulnerable Populations Project: I assisted Vulnerable Populations (Mental Health Wellness, LGBT Youth, Youth with Special Needs, Underrepresented Youth, Homeless Youth, Youth in Foster Care, Disconnected Youth, Immigrant Youth, and Incarcerated Youth): Champions postings for the NIFA website and completed introductory documents for each designated population. Children, Youth, and Families at Risk (CYFAR) Project: The Children, Youth, and Families at Risk (CYFAR) Grant Program allocates funding provided by†¦show more content†¦Specifically, I was able to apply many of the concepts and skills that were discussed within the MIDCM coursework in a professional setting, such as language aid, guided research, community development, proposal/grant support, youth engagement activities and education initiatives. My two primary projects throughout the summer internship were the Vulnerable Populations Project and the CYFAR Grant Program. The Vulnerable Populations Project focuses on the nine groups of youth listed above. I was tasked with researching information on each group, finding federal laws related to each specific group, and condensing the information to be posted online to the public. In addition to performing guided research, I contacted the leaders of each Vulnerable Populations Group to request further visuals or material that could be used on the (name of website) website. I also w orked on the CYFAR Grant Program, which provided me with a practical overview of the federal grants process, especially development projects centered on youth. I read the project descriptions from (what group around the country?)around the country and reviewed the reported accomplishments, demographics, and funds for each project. Ultimately, I was tasked with the decision whether to approve the project or request clarification from the project directors, if the data submission was deficient.Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Stem Extra Curricular Activities On Student Involvement1634 Words   |  7 PagesThis literature review focuses on three different areas related to this program evaluation: 1. the achievement gap of underprivileged minorities in STEM academic subject areas and careers, 2. the impact of STEM extra-curricular activities on student involvement, interest and ultimately achievement in the subject areas, and 3. the important role makerspaces fill in addressing the need f or positive, out-of-school experiences for underprivileged youth. 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Her work is supported in part by grant HD30995, â€Å"Early InterventionsRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesHave a Shortage of Skilled Labor? 14 Why Do Organizations Lay Off Employees during Shortages? 15 How Do Organizations Balance Labor Supply? 15 Issues Contingent Workers Create for HRM 16 Continuous Improvement Programs 18 Work Process Engineering 19 How HRM Can Support Improvement Programs 19 How HRM Assists in Work Process Engineering 19 Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 28 Learning Outcomes 28 Introduction 30 Why Is HRM Important to an Organization? 30 DID YOU KNOW?: A Management RecapRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesbasic literacy and mathematical skills by administering basic skills assessments to employees. Then they conduct basic mathematics and English skills training classes at workplace sites for employees with deficiencies. 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Nanny 911 Discussion Free Essays

Discussion No. 3- Nanny 911 This clip of Nanny 911 was about a family who had two young boys. The mother and father were having trouble controlling their son’s behavior, one with his high energy and teasing, and the other with sleeping issues. We will write a custom essay sample on Nanny 911 Discussion or any similar topic only for you Order Now The family was evaluated by the nanny and she brought many issues to light. Some of the offenses dealt with in this episode were the father wrestling with his sons, the oldest son, Ryan, pushing his mothers buttons all day long, and the youngest son not going to bed in his own bed at night, often times screaming and crying for hours on end. The nanny put the family to the test with her strategies to reclaim order in the home. First, she brings up two points from her nanny book. The first, which is aimed at Christopher’s nighttime sleeping patterns, has a solution of giving the boy more independence as he is getting off to bed. The dad would wait at the door for 5 minutes instead of lying next to Christopher in bed. This was a sort of weaning off strategy that eventually paid off. Next, the issue with Ryan and his mother nagging him, and he retorting with immaturity. The mother was to stop â€Å"nitpicking† and start positive acknowledgement of the boy’s achievements. This helped create a friendlier relationship between Ryan and his mother, as he began easing up off of the immature badgering and bantering that he had previously been involved with. The type of conditioning displayed in this video segment was of course operant conditioning. The boys were being conditioned by their father in the wrestling and sleeping patterns, and by their mother in the nagging and smart replies back segments. All the conditioning was ultimately resolved when the nanny broke the cycle of the parents setting bad influences on their children. The children followed suit and began to obey their parent’s requests. The reinforcements displayed were positive reinforcement for the boys with their baseball chart, a chart displaying good behaviors represented by a baseball for each good act. This chart is a positive reinforcement because it gave the children their freedom to enjoy their privileges as opposed to losing them. The father displayed Bandora’s â€Å"Bobo Doll† behavior by wrestling with the boys. When someone gets hurt, the father entitles the hurt boy to hit the other with a â€Å"free shot†. This behavior caused the boys to associate hitting with a form of handling situations. This caused more fighting and issues controlling the boys further. The law of frequency was seen here with Ryan reacting to his mother’s comments on what the boys did wrong. Every time she said something, he would chime in, thus escalating the situation. His mother then would punish Ryan for his talking back, which helped to illustrate a discrimitive stimuli example. Overall, the work of the nanny helped to offer a peace and balance to the family with their problems and going forward the parents now know what to do with their behaviors and ultimately will lead to a much happier and healthier home. How to cite Nanny 911 Discussion, Papers

Piston of Automotive Vehicles

Question: Write an essay on Piston of Automotive Vehicles. Answer: The material selection in the automotive industry requires the fulfillment of many requirements. Some of these requirements are of safety, light weight, performance, cost and some of these are as per customers requirement. The piston of a automotive vehicle is a very important part and the material selection for this requires the consideration of many factors like melting point, cost, friction coefficient etc.The material of a piston may be either aluminum alloy or cast iron depends on the type of automotive vehicle. The cast iron piston requires more attention towards its thermal properties and gives a good performance whereas the aluminum material is preferred for the best performance. The aluminum alloy material is preferred when a speed requirement of more than 6 m/s and the cast iron material piston is preferred when the speed requirement is less than 6 m/s. The aluminum alloys has a higher heat transfer coefficient and thus does not have any high heating problem. Introduction The piston of an auto vehicle converts the pressure force into the movement of crank shaft. Piston begins, animates and stops in for every half rotation of the crank shaft. The inertial force depends on the piston and less idleness endowments for high pressure. In the midst of operation of the piston, a temperature slant of around 150 K from the pioneer of the heap to its base is experienced. So additionally it needs to reinforce chamber evolving rings. The piston must be strength enough, and reinforced to meet the requirements of withstanding at higher temperatures. The friction of the piston material, weight and the long length skirting should be very less. The components of a cylinder more or less are; The piston should have space for the oil and seal inside the piston.It should be able to transmit power through the gudgeon pin.DETAILS OF ROLE AND PROPERTIES OF COMPONENT SELECTEDComponent selected = Engine pistonRole: Provides the necessary power by burning fuel and then removes t he combustion products.Material of piston: Aluminum alloyMechanical properties of aluminum alloyHardness 96Ultimate tensile strength 315 MPaTensile yield strength 278 MPaModulus of elasticity 69 GPaShear strength 208 MPaMachine ability 50%Thermal properties of materialSpecific heat capacity 896 KJ/kg.0CThermal conductivity 167 W/mkMelting point 582 652 0CPhysical property Density = 2700 kg/m3Chemical propertiesSolution temperature 529 0CAging temperature 160 0CElectrical propertyElectrical resistivity = 3.99e 006 ohm-cmADVANTAGES OF ALUMINUM ALLOY OVER CAST IRON MATERIAL Heat transfer coefficient of aluminum is nearly 3 times of CI. In this manner aluminum combination piston has less variation in temperature of the piston head and piston rings. The density of aluminum speaks the truth 33% that of cast iron. Along these lines light weight development and less idleness powers. Good tensile strength. Produces high speeds greater than 6 m/s. High efficiency. High power production.DISADVANTAGES OF ALUMINUM ALLOY OVER CAST IRON MATERIAL Higher cost than cast iron material. Not best suitable for heavy load vehicles. High coefficient of linear expansion.ADVANTAGES OF CAST IRON OVER ALUMINUM ALLOY MATERIAL Wear quality of cast iron piston is more. Cast iron pistons have higher quality. As temperature builds, the quality of aluminum combination piston declin es rapidly. Because of higher quality, it is conceivable to give dainty segments to the parts of cast iron piston. In light of higher coefficient of warm development aluminum, aluminum amalgam pistons require more leeway between the chamber divider and piston rings. Low cost. Low coefficient of linear expansion.DISADVANTAGES OF CAST IRON OVER ALUMINUM ALLOY MATERIAL Heavy weight material i.e. increases the engine weight. Not suitable for high speed vehicles. Low efficiency. Low power generation.ANALYSISThe complete piston social affair holds around 52-58% of power consumption of whole setup. For an ordinary piston with three rings, first ring with 50% weight ring for the friction work, second piston ring is 30-35% and the third piston ring is only 10-15% of the oil control. Pistons are given amplified cushions or skirt ribs from which material is uprooted to bring the chamber weight inside required quality. Piston head (crown) approach is uncommonly essential for the fuel injection and ignition of the fuel injected during the start of the power stroke. The straightforwardness, low execution engines usage level top chambers with breaks cut in it to give valve head flexibility. Chambers for first class engines have raised twists to widen weight. The head of the piston made have high strength so that it can be withstand with the high ignition temperature and the weight transfer. Piston rings similarly work as sharp edges to trade hot to the engine oil. The aluminum cylinders are created using the tossing method.PISTON MATERIAL COMPARSON WITH OTHER MATERIALSThe piston material must possess properties like grand hurled point of confinement, higher strength, amazing strength to surface scratched zone to reduction skirt and ring-score wear, immense warm conductivity to keep down piston temperatures, and a for the most part low warm expansion to have a base piston to-chamber breathing room. To fulfill low reacting attributes of the piston in a smart engine, the chamb er should be lighter, and therefore aluminum compound is grabbed the chance to cast iron and steel. In any case, to keep up the steadfast system for cast presses, the extents of the aluminum structures must be more essential, thus off-setting the considerable position of daintiness to some degree. The aluminum alloy has a combination of copper, silicon, nickel etc. The hot strength of unadulterated aluminum, with 4.5% copper and 3% nickel, of 13% silicon compound, and of 20% silicon mix. At 0 degree Celsius temperature the aluminum alloy material is the most grounded, the 23%-silicon compound is of the lowest strength, and the 12%-silicon mix is in within. At higher temperature their hot quality diminishments however the rate of decay of the quality for the 23%-silicon blend is not as much as that of the other two and at around 553 K its hot quality in better as the other two mixes. Aluminum compound is a vastly enhanced conductor of warmth than cast iron and practices 3.3 times mor e prominent smoking in for a specified period in comparison with the CI. Regardless, the better hot diffusing nature of aluminum composite decreases the best piston head working temperature, which is by and large in the level of 530 to 575 K for composite chambers and 400 to 500 0C cast iron chambers.PERFORMANCE OF ALUMINUM PISTONSElite, exceptionally charged traveler auto diesel motors are for the most part seen as the touchstone for Al pistons as the warm also, mechanical piston burdens in the burning chamber are immense to the point that motor creators are concerned the lightweight material may in the long run come up short. Commonly it is the dish edge where splits start. In this manner the first intelligent measure is to fortify this zone. It is the material itself which recommends a arrangement: Although the throwing procedure has as of now been enhanced to abuse the most extreme cooling rate which still results in an impeccable item, the cooling is still too moderate for a gr eatest material quality at the dish edge. IMPROVED HEAT TRANSFER FOR ALUMINUM MATERIALAs the measure of heat is so awesome in the dish territory, a second result is to enhance the heat dispersal from the piston bowl and edge. A compelling method for doing this is to position the cooling display higher up and in this way near the dish edge and top ring. The cooling impact at the dish edge and first ring woods is subsequently enhanced by more than 10%, at the pin bore the change is around 5%. Then again the state of the exhibition can be adjusted to the application. While this is not excessively complex from a configuration point of perspective, it is very difficult to control the throwing procedure to guarantee that there is sufficient material of steady cavity free quality between the dish and the display and/or between the exhibition and the cast in Al fin embed. The principal creation use of the raised exhibition piston keeps the piston at temperatures much lower than the satisfac tory furthest reaches of 400 C. Under the same conditions, a standard piston's dish edge anxieties are 43% higher and its temperature comes to 440 C, near the softening purpose of the to begin with metal stages in the lattice. Depending on the application necessities the ideal display position and outline can be adaptable characterization.RESULTThe piston of an engine is made of normally aluminum alloys, cast iron, and forged steels. The cast iron was used primarily for making pistons but now a days the aluminum alloys are used for making the pistons because of their enhanced properties and light weight properties. The performance of the aluminum alloy piston can be further improved. The speed varies for both the materials i.e. cast iron and the aluminum alloy. The energy consumption in the aluminum alloys due to friction is about 30-40% lesser than that of the cast iron materials. Also the weight of the aluminum alloys is about 30% lower than that of the cast iron. CONCLUSION Based on the hot strength, power losses, light weight and the performance the aluminum alloy pistons are better than the cast iron pistons. Both materials pistons are manufactured using the casting process. The weight of the aluminum alloy is 30% lesser than the cast iron piston. The speeds for aluminum alloys is greater than 6 m/s and for the cast iron piston its less than 6 m/s. REFREENCES 1. 00/01528 EVALUATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CARBON FORMATION ON DIESEL ENGINE PISTONS In-text: ('00/01528 Evaluation of thermodynamic processes in carbon formation on diesel engine pistons', 2000) Bibliography: 00/01528 Evaluation of thermodynamic processes in carbon formation on diesel engine pistons. (2000). Fuel And Energy Abstracts, 41(3), 170. doi:10.1016/s0140-6701(00)93258-22. ALIZADEH, A. AND TRIMM, D. L. The formation of deposits from oil under conditions pertinent to diesel engine pistons In-text: (Alizadeh Trimm, 1985) Bibliography: Alizadeh, A., Trimm, D. (1985). The formation of deposits from oil under conditions pertinent to diesel engine pistons. Journal Of Chemical Technology And Biotechnology. Chemical Technology, 35(6), 291-296. doi:10.1002/jctb.50403506053. DASHEVSKAYA, G. I. Aluminizing of automobile engine pistons In-text: (Dashevskaya, 1963) Bibliography: Dashevskaya, G. (1963). Aluminizing of automobile engine pistons. Metal Science And Heat Treatmen t, 5(10), 584-584. doi:10.1007/bf008661584. HOLT, D. J. The diesel engine In-text: (Holt, 2004) Bibliography: Holt, D. (2004). The diesel engine. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers.5. JANKOWSKI, A. DESIGN OF NOVEL COMPOSITE PISTONS FOR DIESEL ENGINE In-text: (Jankowski, 2014) Bibliography: Jankowski, A. (2014). DESIGN OF NOVEL COMPOSITE PISTONS FOR DIESEL ENGINE. Journal Of KONES. Powertrain And Transport, 21(4), 211-216. doi:10.5604/12314005.11304736. KAINER, K. U. Metal matrix composites In-text: (Kainer, 2006) Bibliography: Kainer, K. (2006). Metal matrix composites. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.7. KAO, T. AND WALLACE, F. A new approach to the prediction of heat flow and temperature in engine pistons with special reference to thermal barriers In-text: (Kao Wallace, 1981) Bibliography: Kao, T., Wallace, F. (1981). A new approach to the prediction of heat flow and temperature in engine pistons with special reference to thermal barriers. International Journal Of Mechanical Sci ences, 23(11), 647-659. doi:10.1016/0020-7403(81)90019-98. KO OMECKI, J. COMPARATIVE RESEARCHES OF LUBE OIL CONSUMPTIONS ENGINE WOLA S12-U WITH COMPOSITE PISTONS In-text: (Koomecki, 2012) Bibliography: Koomecki, J. (2012). COMPARATIVE RESEARCHES OF LUBE OIL CONSUMPTIONS ENGINE WOLA S12-U WITH COMPOSITE PISTONS. Journal Of KONES. Powertrain And Transport, 19(4), 315-320. doi:10.5604/12314005.11384669. MANASIJEVIC , S., MARKOVIC , S., AC IMOVIC  - PAVLOVIC , Z., RAIC , K. AND RADISA, R. Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of piston alloys = In-text: (Manasijevic , Markovic , Ac imovic  - Pavlovic , Raic  Radisa, n.d.) Bibliography: Manasijevic , S., Markovic , S., Ac imovic  - Pavlovic , Z., Raic , K., Radisa, R. Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of piston alloys =.10. MCDEWELL, H. S. Supplementary report of oil scraper piston rings In-text: (McDewell, 1922) Bibliography: McDewell, H. (1922). Supplementary report of oil scraper piston rings. Washington D.C.: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.11. PIERZ, P. Thermal barrier coating development for diesel engine aluminum pistons In-text: (Pierz, 1993) Bibliography: Pierz, P. (1993). Thermal barrier coating development for diesel engine aluminum pistons. Surface And Coatings Technology, 61(1-3), 60-66. doi:10.1016/0257-8972(93)90203-z12. PINSKII, F. I. Temperature measurements of internal-combustion engine pistons In-text: (Pinskii, 1964) Bibliography: Pinskii, F. (1964). Temperature measurements of internal-combustion engine pistons. Measurement Techniques, 7(7), 610-615. doi:10.1007/bf0098004413. PRUDNIKOV, A. N. Production, structure, and properties of engine pistons made from transeutectic deformable silumin In-text: (Prudnikov, 2009) Bibliography: Prudnikov, A. (2009). Production, structure, and properties of engine pistons made from transeutectic deformable silumin. St eel Transl., 39(5), 391-393. doi:10.3103/s096709120905006414. SHIOTA, W. Aluminum alloys for engine pistons In-text: (SHIOTA, 1971) Bibliography: SHIOTA, W. (1971). Aluminum alloys for engine pistons. Journal Of Japan Institute Of Light Metals, 21(10), 670-683. doi:10.2464/jilm.21.67015. TREFZ, W. The piston and its finishing In-text: (Trefz, n.d.) Bibliography: Trefz, W. The piston and its finishing. Cincinnati, O.: Aluminum industries.16. VENKATESH, S. Surface treatments for pistons and their effect on engine performance In-text: (Venkatesh, 1973) Bibliography: Venkatesh, S. (1973). Surface treatments for pistons and their effect on engine performance. Wear, 25(1), 65-71. doi:10.1016/0043-1648(73)90121-x